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Messages - SmileyFaze

51
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
..

With ‘Firearm’ Offenses up  27-percent,
UK Holds National Gun Surrender





Source:      NRA-ILA     
Quote
Anti-gun advocates like Gun Control Network Chair Gillian Marshall-Andrews tout the United Kingdom’s longstanding firearms restrictions, which include a near total ban on handguns, as the “gold standard” of gun control. In recent years, UK officials have continued to implement new policies that further burden law abiding gun owners. These include surprise inspections of gun owners’ firearm storage arrangements, the use of centralized firearm owner licensing data to target “terrorists,” and intrusive medical monitoring of firearm certificate holders.

However, the UK’s criminals appear indifferent.

According to the Office for National Statistics’ (ONS) statistical bulletin “Crime in England and Wales,” [glow=black,2,300]firearm crimes in England and Wales were up 27-percent for the year ending in June 2017[/glow]. The bulletin noted, “The latest rise continues an upward trend seen in firearms offences in the last few years.”

In an attempt to resolve some of the increase, ONS explained that part of the growth could be due to improvements in the crime reporting. It should also be noted that the UK’s definition of “firearm,” as used for statistical purposes, includes some imitation guns and other non-firearm items, like pepper spray and stun guns. However, ONS also made clear that “Evidence of some genuine increase in offences involving firearms can be seen in admissions data for NHS hospitals in England, which showed increases in all three categories of assault by firearm discharge.”

An in-depth August 2017 ONS report on firearm crime statistics in England and Wales prepared for the House of Commons painted a similar picture. Using data through March 31, 2017, ONS found that non-air firearms offences had increased 23-percent over the previous year. The document showed that the 2016/17 total number of non-air firearms offences was 31-percent higher than the total in 2013/14. The 2016/17 figure for non-air firearm offenses was the highest recorded since 2010/11. The report also noted that there was a 19-percent increase in what ONS categorizes as “violence against the person” crimes involving a firearm from the period 2014/15 to 2015/16.

In 1997 the UK enacted a total ban on handguns in England and Wales. Despite this restriction, for the year ending in March 2017, handguns were the most common type of non-air firearm used in criminal offenses. Moreover, the statistical bulletin pointed out that there was a 25-percent increase in offenses involving handguns for the year ending in June 2017. As in the United States, the use of rifles in crime is rare, accounting for about 1-percent of non-air firearm offenses each year.

This increase in the criminal misuse of firearms is being cited as justification for a two week national gun surrender period from November 13 through 26. The effort is being spearheaded by the National Ballistics Intelligence Service, which has enlisted the Metropolitan Police and other local law enforcement in the effort. Under the program, those in illegal possession of a firearm can turn it in to specially designated police stations, no questions asked. During a similar effort in 2014 about 6,000 guns were surrendered.

The Met and local police stations have come up with various campaigns to promote the surrender. The Met’s promotional materials urge London’s youth to #GiveUpYourGun and include a YouTube video explaining the potential consequences of illegally carrying a firearm. A video from the Derbyshire Constabulary challenges viewers to tell the difference between a real and imitation handgun, and implores the audience to turn either type of object over to the police.

Despite this messaging, more practical public officials don’t seem to be holding out much hope that the UK’s criminals will comply. Much of NABIS’s press release on the surrender targeted the otherwise law-abiding.

Explaining the types of guns they were targeting, NABIS Head, Detective Chief Superintendent Jo Chilton, noted, “Perhaps you have a gun that has been handed down through the family or you have found a firearm in your loft or shed which has been gathering dust and you had forgotten about.” In a video for the BBC, NABIS Head of Operational Support Clive Robinson pointed to a table full of early 20th century firearms and said, “These are the sorts of weapons families are finding from loved ones that have passed. They’re finding in garages, etc. But when they see them they’re not sure what to do with it. If you bring it into your local police station we will safely dispose of it for you.” Assistant Chief Constable from Northumbria shared a similar sentiment, telling the BBC, “We are realistic enough to realize that we’re not going to get hardened gang members who are in possession of weapons they intend to use.”

Gun rights supporters and most gun control advocates agree that turn-ins, usually in the form of so-called “buybacks” in the U.S., are ineffective public policy. Since 1998, the U.S. Department of Justice has recognized that turn-in programs do not work. A more recent DOJ survey into research concerning Australia’s 1996 nationwide amnesty (confiscation) program noted that there is little evidence that it led to a reduction in crime and that turn-ins are generally ineffective because
[shadow=grey,right]“The guns turned in are at low risk of ever being used in a crime.” [/shadow]

[glow=black,2,300]It is encouraging that some UK officials have at least a remote understanding that gun turn-ins do not work as intended.[/glow]

The recent increase in firearm crime should prompt public officials to reflect on some of the UK’s other gun control measures with a similar skepticism. However, employing reason isn’t their strong suit. Despite the data showing that rifles are used in less than 1 percent of firearms offenses, in October the Home Office announced plans to ban “.50 calibre and certain rapid firing rifles.”


I can just see it now.........civilized UK crims, lining up in an orderly fashion at surrender stations, all across the UK, gladly surrendering their illegal firearms like good ole fellows!!   

   



Now tell us Howie, tell us all in the rest of the 'uncivilized' world, just how did all this come to pass while the UK has the most restrictive firearms laws on the Planet Earth??      

Doesn't the UK have a more civilized class of criminal?

Don't they obey the law?
             

52
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
CNMI passes 'ineffective' gun law


Source:      Radio NZ     
Quote
The Northern Marianas governor has passed a law banning handguns in the territory - but it can't be implemented.

Handguns were banned for decades up until last year, when a military veteran who wanted one sued the territory's government.

The court ruled in his favour, saying the territory's gun ban violated the United States constitution, which enshrines a person's right to bear arms.

The government has written up another handgun ban, which was approved by Governor Ralph Torres this week.

However, our correspondent in Saipan, Mark Rabago, said the law was effectively moot - unless someone decides to appeal against the ruling in the Supreme Court.

"It's an ineffective law unless somebody challenges and overturns it. But judging by the history of the United States, the states who entirely ban handguns have never won."


Quote
The Northern Mariana Islands (link), officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI; Chamorro: Sankattan Siha Na Islas Mariånas; Refaluwasch or Carolinian: Commonwealth Téél Falúw kka Efáng llól Marianas), is an insular area and commonwealth of the United States consisting of 15 islands in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The CNMI includes all islands in the Mariana Archipelago except Guam which is the southernmost island of the chain and a separate U.S. territory.


Ah, Retirement is just wonderful!!       


56
The Lounge / Re: The Smiley Game
Why are all the Images (the smileys) so damn big? the originals are correct, but the image within the post are humongous?


58
DnD Central / Re: What's Going on in the Americas?
..


[glow=blue,2,300]Donald Trump could make Sinn Fein ally Peter King
Counter-Terror Chief in White House
[/glow]


Lifelong Sinn Féin supporter (R-NY) Congressman Peter King with Gerry Adams

Source:      The Belfast Telegraph     
Quote
A lifetime supporter of Sinn Fein could be in line for a key position in Donald Trump's administration, according to Washington insiders.

Unlike many other mainstream Republican politicians, US Congressman Peter King backed the billionaire businessman during the White House race.

His loyalty to Mr Trump has led to speculation that he could be appointed homeland security advisor - the chief counter-terrorism aide to the President.

The New York Congressman, who has voiced support for the Provisional IRA and is seen as a very close friend of Gerry Adams, is considered one of the most respected experts on terrorism and security on Capitol Hill.

Yesterday's New York Times reported that Mr King was also in the running to be US ambassador to the UN..........

 

[glow=orange,2,300]Tiocfaidh ár lá[/glow]

[glow=orange,2,300]Unwavering Irish-American Support for Sinn Fein & A United Ireland
Americans Welcome Gerry Adams into their Hearts with Open Arms & Standing Applause
[/glow]
[VIDEO]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJyH6TaV4L0[/VIDEO]
60
DnD Central / Re: What's Going on in the Americas?
   

White Flag accepted Fossil........You presented absolutely no defense to the above.......

He who said they can't defend the indefensible, spoke the truth when describing the Brits own involvement in the 'Nefarious Trade'....

When it comes to murdering Black African Women, Children, Grandmothers, & Grandfathers in cold blood, locked sick & starving in the holds of British built wooden Slave ships, for profit, there's no race on the planet better at it than the Brits. It is estimated that over 25% of those Slaves transported by the British, died horridly in transit, from starvation, disease, & dehydration. Of the British, there are none more coward or offensive than the lowly Scots, who's cruelty was unsurpassed it their treatment of their shackled African Slaves in particular. History bears this out......History testified to here by the British themselves.

Those 225+ years of promoting & profiting from African Slavery, sponsored by the British Royals starting with Queen Elizabeth I, since the mid to late 1500's at least, as the British themselves have testified to  here, was just the tip of the British Slaving Iceberg, which some say probably spanned over a millennia.

And they have the consummate gall to call themselves 'Great' Britain, & even attempt to hypocritically belittle others who actually pale in comparison to their own repulsive slaving history.    What a disgrace of a Race. They should pull their bowler hats down to their chins, & hide their hypocritical faces in complete & utter shame. 

61
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
So blind faith in the constitution is not exclusive to SF alone. You seriously think the government declares unlimited rights to people and limits itself at the same time.

This is a major misconception by non-Americans.

The American Government does not have the power to 'Declare Rights'.

The U.S. Constitution is The Peoples Document, in which the People define the government, & specifically give the government whatever rights, enumerated powers, they are to have, but only on an 'as they go' basis.

Source:      Declaration of Independence     
Quote
....That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.

The American government can only govern by, & through, the consent of the governed, The People.  

➤ ➤ ➤  See here an explanation.

Government has no rights outside of what the People give them in the Constitution.

The only claim that government can have on the Constitution is that they, as individual Citizens, are part owners of the document.

The U.S. Constitution was written by the Founding Fathers, learned people who got together & defined a new, for the very first time, self-governing way to live.

Up until then every country had a ruler, a Monarchy, who by the "Divine Right of Kings" granted those beneath them their 'rights' which, because a King can do anything....being he was given his Kingship by God directly......he can take back any 'right' he granted ....for any reason....at any time.

Whatever a King decreed or commanded was Law. There were no rights to appeal.

When America was born, the "Divine Right of Kings" became no more over the the American People, who, through their Constitution defined for the first time, what powers the government had, & how it must respect the Rights of the People if it wished to continue to govern with their consent.

So the Bill of Rights, commonly known as the first 10 Amendments to the US Constitution, does not emanate from a Government, & it actually does no give any rights, it simply tells the government these rights were given to the people long before government even became a concept, & therefore government must not interfere with the people freely exercising their rights.

As preceded by the Declaration of Independence, the concept the people chose to express, their rights by which all American governments must abide, if they wished to govern....

Source:      Declaration of Independence     
Quote
.....We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.



62
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
So blind faith in the constitution is not exclusive to SF alone. You seriously think the government declares unlimited rights to people and limits itself at the same time.

This is a major misconception.

The U.S. Constitution is The Peoples Document, in which the People define the government, & specifically give the government whatever rights they are to have.

The government can only govern by, & through, the consent of the governed, The People.  

➤ ➤ ➤  See here an example.

Government has no rights outside of what the People give them in the Constitution.

The only claim that government can have on the Constitution is that they, as individual Citizens, are part owners of the document.

The U.S. Constitution was written by the Founding Fathers, learned people who got together & defined a new, for the very first time, self-governing way to live.

Up until then every country had a ruler, a Monarchy, who by the "Divine Right of Kings" granted those beneath them their 'rights' which, because a King can do anything....being he was given his Kingship by God directly......he can take back any 'right' he granted ....for any reason....at any time.

Whatever a King decreed or commanded was Law. There were no rights to appeal.

When America was born, the "Divine Right of Kings" became no more over the the American People, who, through their Constitution defined for the first time, what powers the government had, & how it must respect the Rights of the People id it wished to continue to govern with their consent.

So the Bill of Rights, commonly known as the first 10 Amendments to the US Constitution, does not emanate from a Government, & it actually does no give any rights, it simply tells the government these rights were given to the people long before government even became a concept, & therefore government must not interfere with the people freely exercising their rights.


63
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
So blind faith in the constitution is not exclusive to SF alone. You seriously think the government declares unlimited rights to people and limits itself at the same time.

This is a major misconception.

The U.S. Constitution is The Peoples Document, in which the People define the government, & specifically give the government whatever rights they are to have.

The government can only govern by, & through, the consent of the governed, The People.  

➤ ➤ ➤  See here an example.

Government has no rights outside of what the People give them in the Constitution.

The only claim that government can have on the Constitution is that they, as individual Citizens, are part owners of the document.

The U.S. Constitution was written by the Founding Fathers, learned people who got together & defined a new, for the very first time, self-governing way to live.

Up until then every country had a ruler, a Monarchy, who by the "Divine Right of Kings" granted those beneath them their 'rights' which, because a King can do anything....being he was given his Kingship by God directly......he can take back any 'right' he granted ....for any reason....at any time.

When America was born, the "Divine Right of Kings" became no more over the the American People, who, through their Constitution defined for the first time, what powers the government had, & how it must respect the Rights of the People id it wished to continue to govern with their consent.

So the Bill of Rights, commonly known as the first 10 Amendments to the US Constitution, does not emanate from a Government, & it actually does no give any rights, it simply tells the government these rights were given to the people long before government even became a concept, & therefore government must not interfere with the people freely exercising their rights.

64
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
A Militia of one is still a Militia.......Until that one man Militia meets up with another Militia of one....then they become a Militia of two.....this can continue until there becomes a need for them to decide upon a leader, & that leader becomes the leader of all the Militias.

"I ask you sir, who is the Militia? They consist now of the whole people." --- George Mason

Remember, it all started with a Militia of one.....

Ersi, like it or not.....& you won't......agree with it or not....& you won't.........you do have that right, but know full well that whatever the Second Amendment is meant to say will ultimately be whatever the Supreme Court of the United States finally decides it says (which it already has done), & no man, much less any government on the face of this Earth can appeal a United States Supreme Court decision.....which is final & absolute....period.









65
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
JFYI......a quick note of interest to those unfamiliar.....in the 18th Century the phrase "....well regulated...." meant well trained, not regulated by an entity.
You will find that "REGULATED" did not mean restrictions placed on or to anything by a State of another Government body in the late 1700's.
The basic premise holds ground: well-regulated means something like functioning correctly. But it seems like a slight leap to subsequently conclude that well functioning means without any restrictions.

I understand your position perfectly, but in the end it's not my, or your, interpretations that matter, it's the actual text, & the Framers intentions, that are the Law.....first & foremost. If Regulation, as in restriction, or ordering of degrees placed on ownership, then there would have to be a Constitutional Amendment ratified which would be agreeable to the required number of States via the will of it's people. The process is spelled out in detail within the Constitution.
66
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
No, I'm not struggling with the interpretation. The only thing on the side of the gun rightists is the fact that the 2nd amendment is the 2nd amendment, also called the Bill of Rights for historical purposes (even though it doesn't say Bill of Rights in the actual document, if it matters to you at all what the document says). This fact by itself, when you overblow and idealise the concept of Bill of Rights, can get you the interpretation that you have, including the notion that there are no gun rights elsewhere in the world because they are not in the other countries' constitutions or their equivalent of Bill of Rights, while in reality other countries achieve the same effect with ordinary laws.

It's a great thing.....documentation......documentation of how words were defined back in the 18th Century.....which is what the Authors/Framers/Writers depended upon when the texts were written, & the debates were held regarding the aspects of  OUR  U.S. Constitution.

The first 10 Amendments were first called the 'Bill of Rights', written by James Madison, who used the 'Virginia Declaration of Rights', written by George Mason, as his guide, prior to being incorporated into the US Constitution.

Actually there were 12 Amendments, but only 10 were ratified by the People, & placed into the Constitution itself.

As far as what the words mean, & how they were used, I suggest that you peruse the plethora of documents (original 18th Century writings, & those written by Constitutional Scholars) on the subject, & lastly any judgments made by the US Supreme Court, which had their staffs do just that before coming to their final decisions.

Why?  Because the 18th Century meaning of words like  "REGULATED"  & what a  "MILITIA"  is, & who is a "MILITIA" are of supreme importance to the Framers 'original intent' when they were written, not what 'modernists' want them to mean in the 21st Century.

You will find that "REGULATED" did not mean restrictions placed on or to anything by a State of another Government body in the late 1700's.

You will also find that a "MILITIA" wasn't anything like a National Guard controlled by a State of Central Government back in the 1700's.

You might be surprised when you find that back in the 18th Century a "MILITIA" could be comprised of as little as a single individual, & had nothing to do with a collective, except when combined by, & under, one single leader who was voted as such by the other Militia.  The Militia individually owned their own firearms, were mostly self taught, & kept their firearms at home for personal use, & at the ready if ever called upon to put down Indian uprisings, & fend off foreign invaders as example.  The first modern U.S. National Guard didn't even exist until the 20th Century....1903.

In the end, the Supreme Court of the United States has the last word on what the Constitution means, & while Americans might debate their decisions, they are not subject to appeal by any lower Court or Governmental agency or body. The Law is as what the Supreme Court  defines determines it to be........period.
It's a great thing.....documentation......documentation of how words were defined back in the 18th Century.....which is what the Authors/Framers/Writers depended upon when the texts were written, & the debates were held regarding the aspects of the our U.S. Constitution. The first 10 Amendments were first called the Bill of Rights, written by James Madison, who used the Virginia Declaration of Rights, written by George Mason, prior to being incorporated into the US Constitution. Actually there were 12, but only 10 were ratified by the People & placed into the Constitution itself.

As far as what the words mean, & how they were used I suggest you peruse the plethora of documents on the subject, & lastly any judgments made by the US Supreme Court, which had their staffs do just that before coming to their decisions.

Why?  Because the 18th Century meaning of words like  "REGULATED"  & what a  "MILITIA"  is, & who is a "MILITIA" are of supreme importance to the Framers 'original intent' when they were written, not what modernists want them to mean in the 21st Century.

You will find that "REGULATED" did not mean restrictions placed on or to anything by a State of another Government body in the late 1700's.

You will also find that a "MILITIA" wasn't anything like a National Guard controlled by a State of Central Government back in the 1700's.

You might be surprised when you find that back in the 18th Century a "MILITIA" could be comprised of as little as a single individual, & had nothing to do with a collective, except when combined by, & under, one single leader who was voted as such by the other Militia.  The Militia individually owned their own firearms, were mostly self taught, & kept their firearms at home for personal use, & at the ready if ever called upon to put down Indian uprisings, & fend off foreign invaders as example.  The first modern U.S. National Guard didn't even exist until the 20th Century....1903.

In the end, the Supreme Court of the United States has the last word on what the Constitution means, & while Americans might debate their decisions, they are not subject to appeal by any lower Court or Governmental agency or body. The Law is as what the Supreme Court  defines determines it to be........period.
67
DnD Central / Re: What's Going on in the Americas?
.....Gt Britain was ahead of the USA in doing away with slavery.....

.........What you practiced totally contradicted all those boasting great principles when you broke away and the so-called principled leaders did slavery.  So decades after the British Empire did away with the thing you lot lived a constant hypocrisy and racial matters are still deeply flawed in the wonderful claimant of so-called principled country stuff. Clutch at daft straws but your history is damnable and still is.

Oh pat yourself ...... pat yourself on the back ole Fossil. 

Is it fun fun being the moral hypocrite??

35 give or take short years as a newly emerging Nation....................

But your selective  "partial recollection"  Fossil does not convey ALL THE PERTINENT FACTS.... of
Britain's total involvement in Slavery.


The USA came into being with the publication of the Declaration of Independence, & the end of the American Revolutionary War, where the Americans defeated the British, & founded the United States of America.

The war started in 1765 & ended in 1783.

The U.S. Declaration of Independence was Signed & delivered in 1776.  So, for the sake of brevity I will stipulate that the USA became an entity after the first shots were fired at Lexington & Concord in 1775.

Slavery ended in the Americas when the 13th Amendment to the US Constitution was ratified in 1865

➤ ➤ So, from the year the USA came into existence .... 1775 to 1865 .... the USA, as a Nation (not as the British Colony prior to 1775), was involved in Slavery on its own as a Nation for 90 years.

➤ ➤ ➤ ➤ Prior to 1775 the British were in control of ALL it's Colony's Slave Trade.

Now, lets look at the history of Britain's participation in the Slave Trade.......which some estimate as being over 2,000 years, but records are scant, & confirming that exact total would be problematic at best.

Let's begin with a bona fide point in time, Britain's Slave Trading History as documented by, who better, by the British themselves:



Britain, the 'Nefarious Trade' & Slavery

Source:      HISTORY in focus    
Quote
Britain followed in the footsteps of the Portuguese in voyaging to the west coast of Africa and enslaving Africans. The British participation in what has come to be called the 'nefarious trade' was begun by Sir John Hawkins with the support and investment of Elizabeth I in 1573. (15) By fair means and foul, Britain outwitted its European rivals and became the premier trader in the enslaved from the seventeenth century onwards, and retained this position till 1807. Britain supplied enslaved African women, men and children to all European colonies in the Americas.

The 'Slave Coast' came to be dotted with European forts, their massive guns facing out to sea to warn off rival European slave traders. Each 'castle' incorporated prisons or 'barracoons' in which the enslaved women, children and men were kept, awaiting purchase by the traders, who could initially only reach the coast at those times of the year when the winds blew in the right direction. The prisons – without sanitation, with little air – must have been hell-holes in the humid coastal climates. The death rates are not known.

The trade became a very lucrative business. Bristol grew rich on it, then Liverpool. London also dealt in slaves as did some of the smaller British ports. (16) The specialised vessels were built in many British shipyards, but most were constructed in Liverpool. Laden with trade goods (guns and ammunition, rum, metal goods and cloth) they sailed to the 'Slave Coast', exchanged the goods for human beings, packed them into the vessels like sardines and sailed them across the Atlantic. On arrival, those left alive were oiled to make them look healthy and put on the auction block. Again, death rates (during the voyage) are unknown: one estimate, for the 1840s, is 25 per cent.

Plantation and mine-owners bought the Africans – and more died in the process called 'seasoning'. In the British colonies the slaves were treated as non-human: they were 'chattels', to be worked to death as it was cheaper to purchase another slave than to keep one alive. Though seen as non-human, as many of the enslaved women were raped, clearly at one level they were recognised as at least rapeable human beings. There was no opprobrium attached to rape, torture, or to beating your slaves to death. The enslaved in the British colonies had no legal rights as they were not human – they were not permitted to marry and couples and their children were often sold off separately.

Historian Paul Lovejoy has estimated that between 1701 and 1800 about 40 per cent of the approximately more than 6 million enslaved Africans were transported in British vessels. (It must be noted that this figure is believed by some to be a considerable underestimate.) Lovejoy estimated that well over 2 million more were exported between 1811 and 1867 – again, many believe the numbers were much greater. (17)

Abolition of the trade by Britain

Europeans who were Roman Catholics often treated their slaves more humanely than those of the Protestant faith, perhaps especially the members of the Church of England, which owned slaves in the West Indies. (Roman Catholics did not deny Africans their humanity and made attempts at conversion, while British slaveowners forbade church attendance.) The enslavement of Africans was justified in Britain by claiming that they were barbaric savages, without laws or religions, and, according to some 'observers' and academics, without even a language; they would acquire civilisation on the plantations.

In the 1770s, some Christians in Britain began to question this interpretation of the Bible. They began a campaign to convert the population to their perspective and to influence Parliament by forming anti-slavery associations. Slavery was declared a sin. According to some interpreters of William Wilberforce, the main abolitionist spokesperson in Parliament, it was this fear of not going to heaven that impelled him to carry on the abolitionist struggle for over 20 years. (18)

Parliamentarians and others who could read, or had the time to attend meetings, were well informed about slavery by the books published by two ex-slaves, Olaudah Equiano and Ottobah Cugoano; slightly less dramatic and emphatic anti-slavery books were published by Ignatius Sancho and Ukwasaw Groniosaw. Equiano, like Thomas Clarkson (another truly remarkable man), lectured up and down the country, and in Ireland. (19)

The Act making it illegal for Britons to participate in the trade in enslaved Africans was passed by Parliament in March 1807, after some 20 years of campaigning. Precisely why so many people signed petitions and why Parliament voted for the Act is debatable. (20) It is somewhat curious that many of the chief – including Quaker – abolitionists were importers of slave-grown produce. (21)
Slave emancipation by Britain

A few Britons – including the British Africans – were not content with abolition and campaigned for the emancipation of slaves. This was another long struggle. Among the most forceful were the women abolitionists, who, being denied a voice by the men, formed their own organisations and went door-knocking, asking people to stop using slave-grown products such as sugar and tobacco. The most outspoken was probably Elizabeth Heyrick who believed in immediate emancipation, as opposed to the men who supported gradual freedom. (22)

This battle was won when Parliament passed the Emancipation Act in 1833; as the struggle was led by men, it was for gradual emancipation. But protests, often violent in the West Indies, resulted in freedom in 1838. The slaveowners were granted £20 million (about £1 billion today) compensation; all the freed received was the opportunity to labour for the paltry wages that had now to be offered.

This Act only freed the enslaved in the West Indies, Cape Town, Mauritius and Canada. Slavery continued in the rest of the British Empire. Even the importation of slaves into a British colony continued – into Mauritius, obtained from the French after the Napoleonic Wars, where importation was not stopped until about 1820. (23)

Emancipation in Britain

Africans have lived in Britain since they arrived as troops within the Roman armies. How many came here in more modern times, i.e., since the fifteenth century, has not been researched. They begin to appear in parish records of births and deaths from the sixteenth century. (24) Again, what proportion was free and how many were slaves is not yet known. The famous decision by Chief Justice Lord Mansfield in 1772 in the case of James Somerset, taken to court by activist Granville Sharp, merely stated that Africans could not be exported from the UK to the West Indies as slaves. There was no consistency in the many court judgements on the legality of slavery in Great Britain. (25)

The efficacy of the Acts

As there was almost nothing done to ensure that the Acts were obeyed, slave traders continued their activities, as did the shipbuilders. Information about this was sent to Parliament by the abolitionists, some of the captains in the Anti-Slavery Squadrons and British consular officials in slave-worked Cuba and Brazil. Investigations were held, more Acts were passed, but all to no avail, as no means of enforcement was put in place in Britain. All the government did was to set up the Anti-Slavery Squadron – at first comprised of old, semi-derelict naval vessels, unfit for the coastal conditions. To enable them to stop slavers of other nationalities, Britain entered into treaties with other slaving countries. But these were also ignored. The slave trade continued, unabated.

Britain not only continued to build slaving vessels, but it financed the trade, insured it, crewed some of it and probably even created the many national flags carried by the vessels to avoid condemnation. Britain also manufactured about 80 per cent of the goods traded for slaves on the Coast. (26).............

This about sums it up:

               
                                                   
SLAVERY

THE USA    from  1775  to  1865          =  90 years

GREAT BRITAIN    from  1573  to  1833  =  260 years

Put that in yer book Fossil!  




68
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
The States' rights to regulate has also been upheld.

Yes, such is true, but that ability to regulate was, & always will be limited...............by the Constitution & or by the Court....Re:Heller....

The Rights of the States will never rule over, or negate, the Rights of the People as defined in the Constitution & or by the Court(s).

If the People wish to exercise their Right to Amend their Constitution, they have the Right & ability to do so.....The Constitution is the Peoples Document, the Peoples Law.



Source:      LAW.COM     
Quote
........The Constitution, on the other hand, by opening up with
“We the People” immediately affirms that the Constitution is of the
people, for the people, and by the people of the United States.
This
interpretation, which arises most strongly from the presence of “We the
People” in the Preamble, effectively leads to an understanding of the
Constitution as affecting the people directly and not through regulations
imposed on the States. In other words, those words define that the interaction
between the Constitution and the citizens of the United States is direct and
immediate, meaning that the Constitution, and the government it
creates, supersedes any State government.


The words “We the People” in the
Preamble are often considered the strongest links between the Constitution and
the Declaration of Independence, in that the Declaration of Independence was
written from the perspective of the people, not of specific individuals or of
government. In beginning the Preamble of the Constitution with “We the
People,” the Constitution is immediately emphasizing the significance of
the people and is also ensuring an understanding that the people are the ones
giving power to the Government. This is also a critical element to
the American Constitution, in that the power of the Government mandated by the Constitution comes not from God
or from itself, but from “We the People.” .........





69
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
When attempting to understand the United States Constitution, you must investigate the original intentions of the Framers who wrote the Constitution, & research related documentation from the 18th Century specific to the Constitutional debates.

Applying modern day logic & definitions will ALWAYS lead you down the wrong path.



There are two clauses that comprise the Second Amendment, an operative clause, and a prefatory clause.

Operative Clause: "The right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed."

The operative clause is the actual protected right; kind of the 'meat and potatoes.'

The court wrote:  "1. Operative Clause. a. 'Right of the People.' [used 3 times in Bill of Rights] ... All three of these instances unambiguously refer to 'individual' rights, not 'collective' rights, or rights that may be exercised only through participation in some corporate body." .

Prefatory Clause: "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State."

The prefatory clause is the lead-in that "announces a purpose" for the operative clause. 

The court stated: "The Amendment's prefatory clause announces a purpose, but does not limit or expand the scope of the second part, the operative clause. The operative clause's text and history demonstrate that it connotes an individual right to keep and bear arms".

The court also stated:

"The Amendment could be rephrased,  'BECAUSE a well regulated Militia is necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed.'"


These findings by the U.S. Supreme Court are brilliant examples of what will result when the research is done properly, with the goal of revealing the Original Intent of the Framers of the US Constitution, & at the same time debunking Modern Progressive interpretations, as often quoted by those who either have ulterior motives/agendas, or unqualified knowledge of the Constitution's Original Intent.

JFYI......a quick note of interest to those unfamiliar.....in the 18th Century the phrase "....well regulated...." meant well trained, not regulated by an entity.
70
DnD Central / Re: What's Going on in the Americas?
Jefferson? A damn slave owner and had it off with a couple of the female ones.

And I hear tell, over the tides of time to a year close by, one female relative o said slaves eventually made her way to Scotland.

Who knows, the years are within reason, give or take, one never knows, she may have even given birth to a scoundrel like you!!!

Imagine that.....RJ with American-Negro blood flowing in his orange heart's veins!!  
71
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
The so-called Founding Fathers were essentially the corporate money me of the day and Freemasons (even see their placer on the banknotes by the way) and the wonderfully "principled" heroes included slave owners and rights only if white. Big deal.

Good for them.....Thanks for the American history lesson that I learned in 4th grade.   :P

What The Founding Fathers of the United States of America were in their private lives means absolutely nothing.

If they ever owned slaves....who gives a royal rat's ass.....prior to emancipation, or there abouts, it was completely legal in America.......Que Sera Sera 

If they were Freemasons......who actually cares??  Not me, not any American I know.

If they were rich, God bless their money grubbing hearts..........May they forever rest in peace.......

What they were means absolutely nothing............but what the American Founding Fathers did for American Posterity means everything.

They deserve every bit of reverent praise put to them from an adoring American Citizenry for the ever enduring Constitution they provided for us all. 

The Founding Fathers knew the document they wrote was not perfect, so they gave the American People, not the government, they gave the American People the means to change it if they ever needed to.

The process was made difficult, on purpose, not for any other reason but to ensure that changing it would not be taken lightly or on a whim.

When any public government official or representative....elected or not.....from President on down, any police officer, any serviceman or servicewoman in the U.S. Armed Services, when they are sworn into the service or the office they are about to hold, they must take a sacred oath.......an oath to defend & protect......not the Country, not any Person, not a Flag, [glow=blue,2,300]they take a solemn & sacred oath to defend & protect the Constitution or the United States of America first & foremost, before all else...... [/glow]

The American Founding Fathers ....... the People ...... were responsible for the US Constitution, & Americans across this great land hold them in the highest regard for that.

Source:      Preamble to the U.S. Constitution     
Quote
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Now, you may think they are just words written on parchment paper may years ago.....that OUR Constitution is an obsolete document, far past it's prime & usefulness, but rest assured, there are millions upon millions of proud & patriotic Americans who, at risk to their precious lives, would be willing to risk all without reservation in defense of that document.....be willing to die if necessary in defense of the Constitution of the United States. 





72
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
.......the US constitution, which should be seen as a direct continuation of the English legal tradition.

The US Constitution......a Continuation of the English legal tradition??

It went way, way past that.......for the first time anywhere, it established the Peoples Right to Self-Rule, which far exceeded any English legal tradition, & established, via the first 10 Amendments, that the Rights of the People were not "granted" rights, but "Natural" Rights that were endowed by a Creator, long predating the Laws of Man, & as opposed to those "granted" by any man, government, or Monarchical Ruler.

"........the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed."

That's not a suggestion by the American Founding Fathers, it was a demand upon any future American Government that they dare not overlook the Rights of the People.


73
DnD Central / Re: Gun Control - Should Ordinary Citizens Own, Carry, & Use Firearms?
So DC banned basically the right to ownership of guns, to have them at home. This tells me two things. First, since somebody was able to came up with such a law, gun rights are apparently not so thoroughly ingrained and enshrined in the American legal system after all. Second, the case has a connection to the 2nd amendment only in terms of keep arms, not bear arms, i.e. carry them around


Source:      Heller v. DC Supreme Court Decision    
Quote
On June 26, 2008, the Supreme Court affirmed the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit in Heller v. District of Columbia.[3][4] The Supreme Court struck down provisions of the Firearms Control Regulations Act of 1975 as unconstitutional, determined that handguns are "arms" for the purposes of the Second Amendment, found that the Regulations Act was an unconstitutional ban, and struck down the portion of the Regulations Act that requires all firearms including rifles and shotguns be kept "unloaded and disassembled or bound by a trigger lock". Prior to this decision the Firearms Control Regulation Act of 1975 also restricted residents from owning handguns except for those registered prior to 1975.

The majority opinion, written by Justice Antonin Scalia, and the primary dissenting opinion, written by Justice John Paul Stevens, are considered[citation needed] examples of the application of originalism in practice.........continued

The US Supreme Court has ruled that the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution is truly protects an Individuals Right keep & bear arms.......which, simply put, says they can own firearms, keep firearms, & carry firearms .... which absolutely includes handguns, much to the chagrin of the  local democrat government.



74
DnD Central / Re: Has the Irish Government gone daft over Che Guevara??
......Likewise, I don't understand why Smiley wasn't... Why wasn't he?
Not only he can say. If he doesn't explain himself, others will do it for him...

Simple.....first & foremost because I believe in the Freedom of Speech, which comes with it the Freedom of Expression.

What makes it even better is that the basics of Freedom so bother RJ when it comes to anything done in & by Ireland....a county who, like America, fought a bloody war for independence, & obtained their just Freedom.

How?

By killing the British, just like George Washington did so many years before, when his Armies, just like the IRA Freedom Fighters, shot & killed them...........The IRA Freedom Fighters blew the British to hell in a hand-basket with their bombs, shot them dead with their snipers, & guerilla warfare, which eventually brought the mighty British to submission, & attained a Freedom after 800+ years of British murder & oppression.

That said, I despise Marxism.....

I despise Socialism........I've said this in detail many times before. But, what happens in Ireland is the Right of A Free Irish People.

If they choose to embrace a shitty ideology, like Marxism/Socialism that's their Right, & I applaud their right to do so, not the outcome of what they chose.

Socialism will eventually fail (as it always does), & the Irish will eventually come to their senses & see the errors of their ways......but in the end it is for them to get there, not the RJ's of this world to dictate to them how to express their Freedoms.

The Brits lost that right when they turned tail after their will had been completely broken, & their so called brave armies were beaten into submission.

So, RJ's loyalist, unionist panties are in a twist because of who they chose for their postage stamp?? 

I submit it has nothing to do with a stamp, but it's because a [glow=orange,2,300]FREE IRISH[/glow] had the Right to Choose it, & will freely choose on ... deep into the future!

[glow=orange,2,300]Tiocfaidh ár lá[/glow]

[glow=orange,2,300]Ooh Ah Up The Ra!!![/glow]

75
DnD Central / Re: What's Going on in the Americas?
.......But now she sighs at things going on over there and her son and his wife were on holiday (here as happens!) but have decided they want to emigrate to here and north of the kingdom especially. His former Glasgow parents having lived there for so loin in the US are too tired and such to come back being a lot older now but quite happy their son and wife want to live in a less crazy country. Seems the younger couple cannot wait to get out and I will promise them a meal when they do......

God bless em, & good riddance!!!......I wish more whinging pussies would follow their lead....

For every couple that feels that way though, there are millions upon millions (look up the stats) that have felt & feel otherwise......